BBC highlights Albania’s Butrint: a beacon of cultural revival

In a feature by the BBC, Albania’s ancient archaeological site of Butrint has been spotlighted as a testament to the country’s effort to reclaim its cultural heritage and redefine its global identity. Once dismissed as “the North Korea of Europe,” Albania is now leveraging its millennia-old history to reshape perceptions and foster a renewed sense of pride.

Why is this important: The feature underscores Butrint’s role not only as a historical treasure but also as a symbol of Albania’s ongoing transformation. With its roots dating back to 800 BC, the ancient city reflects a tapestry of ancient influences, embodying the rich cultural diversity of Albania and the Mediterranean. But beyond its historical significance, Butrint represents Albania’s commitment to preserving its heritage while embracing a brighter, modern identity.

Context: Designated as Albania’s first UNESCO World Heritage site in 1992, Butrint stands as one of Europe’s best preserved ancient cities. Located within the sprawling 93-square-kilometer Butrint National Park, the site features a mix of archaeological marvels and lush natural beauty. Visitors can explore a Hellenistic theatre, early Christian basilicas, and Ottoman fortifications, all set against the serene backdrop of forested hills and Lake Butrint.

Efforts to preserve Butrint have not been without challenges. Following the fall of communism, decades of neglect and unchecked development threatened the site. However, initiatives by the Butrint Foundation and the World Monuments Fund have restored much of its grandeur while providing training in historical preservation and creating jobs for the local community.

Ani Tare, Director of the Butrint National Park, explained to the BBC: “It has been a struggle the last 30 years to protect the beauty and the history of Butrint… but also with the developers trying to build around the site.”

Beyond preservation, Butrint has become a cultural hub, hosting events like its annual drama festival in the ancient theatre. These initiatives have fostered a sense of pride among locals, transforming the site into a community asset and a beacon of Albania’s rich heritage.

A broader cultural renaissance: Butrint’s revival mirrors broader changes across Albania. In Tirana, the capital city, communist-era monuments have made way for community spaces and cultural landmarks. Skanderbeg Square, once dominated by symbols of Hoxha’s regime, has been reimagined as the largest pedestrian square in the Balkans. Similarly, the Pyramid of Tirana, once a museum glorifying Enver Hoxha, has been transformed into a dynamic park and cultural hub.

Art and culture have also played a key role in reshaping Albania’s identity. Events like Butrint’s drama festival have elevated public appreciation for the site’s history. As Ani Tare recounted, “In the beginning [visitors to the festival were] noisy… Now, local people come beautifully dressed, everyone respects the theatre, nobody steals cushions. The culture made them aware and gave them a sense of pride.”

Looking ahead: As Albania continues its journey of transformation, sites like Butrint are central to its efforts to reclaim its narrative and position itself as a cultural and historical gem in Europe. This renewed focus on heritage and identity is not just about tourism but also about fostering national pride and forging a stronger global presence.